安装依赖

apt install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release apt-transport-https

添加 Docker 官方 GPG Key

mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

添加 Docker 官方仓库

echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bullseye stable" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list

更新

apt update

安装 Docker Engine (官方推荐同时安装 compose plugin)

apt install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

启动 Docker

systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker
systemctl status docker

修改 Docker 数据目录

systemctl stop docker
mkdir -p /data/docker

编辑配置文件(没有就新建)

vi /etc/docker/daemon.json

加入

{
  "data-root": "/data/docker"
}

复制旧数据

rsync -aP /var/lib/docker/ /data/docker/

启动

systemctl start docker

检查

docker info | grep "Docker Root Dir"